TABLE 1 in Efficacy of Aqueous Extracts from Syzygium aromaticum, Tephrosia vogelii, and Croton dichogamus against Myzus persicae on Brassica oleracea in Northern Tanzania

TABLE 1: Mean population of M. persicae per crop in response to treatments applied weekly. Site and treatmentsWeek 1 before Treatment1Weeks after treatment 2 3 45SeasonsWet season 1 (2019)0.87 ± 0.05b0.66 ± 0.06a0.55 ± 0.06a0.49 ± 0.06b0.51 ± 0.08b0.57 ± 0.09bWet season 2 (2020)1.05 ± 0.05a0.52 ± 0.04b0.54 ± 0.05a0.67 ± 0.07a0.76 ± 0.07a0.76 ± 0.08aSiteTengeru1.15 ± 0.05a0.62 ± 0.05a0.55 ± 0.06a0.58 ± 0.07a0.68 ± 0.08a0.74 ± 0.09aBoro0.76 ± 0.04b0.55 ± 0.05a0.54 ± 0.05a0.57 ± 0.07a0.59 ± 0.07a0.59 ± 0.08bTreatmentsW1.165 ± 0.09a1.71 ± 0.17a1.86 ± 0.19a2.15 ± 0.16a2.44 ± 0.21a2.67 ± 0.18aW + s0.89 ± 0.11a1.54 ± 0.15a1.42 ± 0.14ab1.93 ± 0.23a2.21 ± 0.16a2.76 ± 0.14aS. p1.08 ± 0.15a0.14 ± 0.04f0.18 ± 0.09fgh0.18 ± 0.07ef0.21 ± 0.07cde0.18 ± 0.05efC. d (1%)1.13 ± 0.15a0.71 ± 0.08b0.64 ± 0.12cd0.54 ± 0.07bcd0.60 ± 0.07b0.54 ± 0.06bcC. d (5%)0.83 ± 0.13a0.45 ± 0.04cd0.47 ± 0.05cde0.39 ± 0.06cde0.39 ± 0.05bcde0.36 ± 0.05cdeC. d (10%)0.96 ± 0.13a0.46 ± 0.04cd0.40 ± 0.08cdef0.20 ± 0.05ef0.38 ± 0.07bcde0.35 ± 0.05cdefS. a (1%)0.98 ± 0.10a0.60 ± 0.08bc0.56 ± 0.07cd0.61 ± 0.07b0.63 ± 0.12b0.66 ± 0.09bS. a (5%)0.81 ± 0.11a0.45 ± 0.06cd0.45 ± 0.06cde0.39 ± 0.06bcde0.46 ± 0.10bcd0.31 ± 0.05cdefS. a (10%)0.94 ± 0.12a0.36 ± 0.04def0.31 ± 0.06efgh0.28 ± 0.05def0.20 ± 0.05de0.24 ± 0.04efT. v (1%)0.88 ± 0.15a0.50 ± 0.07bcd0.58 ± 0.06cd0.55 ± 0.09bc0.49 ± 0.09bc0.48 ± 0.10bcdT. v (5%)0.93 ± 0.16a0.41 ± 0.07cde0.35 ± 0.05defg0.33 ± 0.07cdef0.29 ± 0.06bcde0.24 ± 0.05efT. v (10%)1.04 ± 0.16a0.29 ± 0.04def0.15 ± 0.02fg0.16 ± 0.03ef0.16 ± 0.04f0.17 ± 0.04efM. p. (2.5%)0.88 ± 0.12a0.38 ± 0.08cde0.20 ± 0.03fgh0.30 ± 0.07cdef0.26 ± 0.07cde0.25 ± 0.07defM. p. (5%)0.96 ± 0.10a0.20 ± 0.04ef0.10 ± 0.03h0.12 ± 0.03f0.14 ± 0.04f0.13 ± 0.04f3-way ANOVA(F-statistics)Season (S)8.40∗∗10.86∗∗0.03 ns15.59∗∗∗26.84∗∗∗24.98∗∗∗Site (L)36.90∗∗∗3.15 ns0.00 ns0.06 ns3.33 ns15.91∗∗∗Treatments (T)0.77 ns34.63∗∗∗37.92∗∗∗54.88∗∗∗64.37∗∗∗146.59∗∗∗S ∗ L0.07 ns4.83∗∗∗14.93∗∗∗4.77∗9.39∗∗7.82∗∗S ∗ T0.31 ns2.46∗∗1.32 ns1.61 ns1.42 ns1.98 nsL ∗ T0.66 ns0.34 ns0.74 ns0.89 ns0.74 ns1.01 nsS ∗ L ∗ T0.86 ns0.90 ns2.67∗∗2.37 ns0.79 ns1.76 ns Each value is a mean ± standard error of sixteen replicates, ∗, ∗∗, and ∗∗∗: significant at P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01, and P ≤ 0.001, respectively, and ns means not significant. Means within the same column followed by the same letter (s) are not significantly different at P � 0.05 from each other using Fisher’s Least significant Difference (LSD) test.