国际洪水管理大会(ICFM)技术报告
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ThistechnicalsummarycomplementsandexpandsthekeyfindingsoftheWorkingGroup(WG)IIcontributiontotheSixthAssessmentReport(AR6)presentedintheSummaryforPolicymakersandcoversliteratureacceptedforpublicationby1September2021.Itprovidestechnicalunderstandingandisdevelopedfromthekeyfindingsofchaptersandcross-chapterpapers(CCPs)aspresentedintheirexecutivesummariesandintegratesacrossthem.ThereportbuildsontheWGIIcontributiontheFifthAssessmentReport(AR5)oftheIPCCandthreespecialreportsoftheAR6cycleprovidingnewknowledgeandupdates.ThethreespecialreportsaretheSpecialReportonGlobalWarmingof1.5°C(2018),anIPCCspecialreportontheimpactsofglobalwarmingof1.5°Cabovepre-industriallevelsandrelatedglobalgreenhousegasemissionpathwaysinthecontextofstrengtheningtheglobalresponsetothethreatofclimatechange,sustainabledevelopmentandeffortstoeradicatepoverty;theSpecialReportonClimateChangeandLand,whichisconcernedwithclimatechange,desertification,landdegradation,sustainablelandmanagement,foodsecurity,andgreenhousegasfluxesinterrestrialecosystems(2019);andtheSpecialReportontheOceanandCryosphereinaChangingClimate(2019).TheWGIIassessmentintegrateswiththeWGI(thephysicalsciencebasis)andWGIII(mitigationofclimatechange)contributionsandcontributestotheSynthesisReport.ThecontributionofWorkingGroupII(WGII)totheSixthAssessmentreport(AR6)oftheIPCCsummarizesthecurrentunderstandingofobservedclimatechangeimpactsonecosystems,humansocietiesandtheircities,settlements,infrastructuresandindustrialsystems,aswellasvulnerabilitiesandfutureriskstiedtodifferentsocioeconomicdevelopmentpathways.Thereportissetagainstacurrentbackdropofrapidurbanisation,biodiversityloss,agrowinganddynamicglobalhumanpopulation,significantinequalityanddemandsforsocialjustice,rapidtechnologicalchange,continuingpoverty,landdegradationandfoodinsecurity,andrisksfromshockssuchaspandemicsandincreasinglyintenseextremeeventsfromongoingclimatechange.Thereportalsoassessesexistingadaptationsandtheirfeasibilityandlimits.AnysuccessofadaptationisdependentontheachievedlevelofmitigationandthetransformationofglobalandregionalsustainabilityoutlinedintheSustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs).Accordingly,adaptationisessentialforclimateresilientdevelopment.ComparedtoearlierIPCCassessments,thisreportintegratesmorestronglyacrossthenatural,socialandeconomicsciences,highlightingtheroleofsocialjusticeanddiverseformsofknowledge,suchasIndigenousknowledgeandlocalknowledge,andreflectstheincreasingimportanceofurgentandimmediateactiontoaddressclimaterisk.{1.1.1}SinceAR5,climateactionhasincreasedatalllevelsofgovernance,includingamongnon-governmentalorganisations,smallandlargeenterprises,andcitizens.Twointernationalagreements—theUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)ParisAgreementandthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment—jointlyprovideoverarchinggoalsforclimateaction.The2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment,adoptedin2015byUNmemberstates,setsout17SDGs,framespoliciesforachievingamoresustainableThistechnicalsummarycomplementsandexpandsthekeyfindingsoftheWorkingGroup(WG)IIcontributiontotheSixthAssessmentReport(AR6)presentedintheSummaryforPolicymakersandcoversliteratureacceptedforpublicationby1September2021.Itprovidestechnicalunderstandingandisdevelopedfromthekeyfindingsofchaptersandcross-chapterpapers(CCPs)aspresentedintheirexecutivesummariesandintegratesacrossthem.ThereportbuildsontheWGIIcontributiontotheFifthAssessmentReport(AR5)oftheIPCCandthreespecialreportsoftheAR6cycleprovidingnewknowledgeandupdates.ThethreespecialreportsaretheSpecialReportonGlobalWarmingof1.5°C(2018),anIPCCspecialreportontheimpactsofglobalwarmingof1.5°Cabovepre-industriallevelsandrelatedglobalgreenhousegasemissionpathwaysinthecontextofstrengtheningtheglobalresponsetothethreatofclimatechange,sustainabledevelopmentandeffortstoeradicatepoverty;theSpecialReportonClimateChangeandLand,whichisconcernedwithclimatechange,desertification,landdegradation,sustainablelandmanagement,foodsecurity,andgreenhousegasfluxesinterrestrialecosystems(2019);andtheSpecialReportontheOceanandCryosphereinaChangingClimate(2019).TheWGIIassessmentintegrateswiththeWGI(thephysicalsciencebasis)andWGIII(mitigationofclimatechange)contributionsandcontributestotheSynthesisReport.ThecontributionofWorkingGroupII(WGII)totheSixthAssessmentReport(AR6)oftheIPCCsummarizesthecurrentunderstandingofobservedclimatechangeimpactsonecosystems,humansocietiesandtheircities,settlements,infrastructuresandindustrialsystems,aswellasvulnerabilitiesandfutureriskstiedtodifferentsocioeconomicdevelopmentpathways.Thereportissetagainstacurrentbackdropofrapidurbanisation,biodiversityloss,agrowinganddynamicglobalhumanpopulation,significantinequalityanddemandsforsocialjustice,rapidtechnologicalchange,continuingpoverty,landdegradationandfoodinsecurity,andrisksfromshockssuchaspandemicsandincreasinglyintenseextremeeventsfromongoingclimatechange.Thereportalsoassessesexistingadaptationsandtheirfeasibilityandlimits.AnysuccessofadaptationisdependentontheachievedlevelofmitigationandthetransformationofglobalandregionalsustainabilityoutlinedintheSustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs).Accordingly,adaptationisessentialforclimateresilientdevelopment.ComparedtoearlierIPCCassessments,thisreportintegratesmorestronglyacrossthenatural,socialandeconomicsciences,highlightingtheroleofsocialjusticeanddiverseformsofknowledge,suchasIndigenousknowledgeandlocalknowledge,andreflectstheincreasingimportanceofurgentandimmediateactiontoaddressclimaterisk.{1.1.1}SinceAR5,climateactionhasincreasedatalllevelsofgovernance,includingamongnon-governmentalorganisations,smallandlargeenterprises,andcitizens.Twointernationalagreements—theUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)ParisAgreementandthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment—jointlyprovideoverarchinggoalsforclimateaction.The2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment,adoptedin2015byUNmemberstates,setsout17SDGs,framespoliciesforachievingamoresustainable.
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国际洪水管理大会(ICFM)
