Histone lysine acetylation, butyrylation, and crotonylation dynamics and functional interplay in rice under starvation and submergence

Histone lysine acylations are regulated by primary metabolism in animal cells. However, histone non-acetyl acylation is not yet studied in plants that have distinct primary metabolic pathways. In this work, we detected rice histone lysine butyrylation (Kbu) and crotonylation (Kcr) sites by mass spectrometry, and found both similar and specific acylation patterns compared with that in mammalian cells.