Pollinator interactions of native and introduced plants in smallholder tropical orchards across a gradient of anthropogenic landscapes

Anthropogenic habitats commonly favor introduced species. However, there is little information regarding the responses of pollinators to native and introduced plants across anthropogenic landscapes. The main goal of the study is to investigate pollinator interactions of native and introduced plants across smallholder tropical orchards in Thailand, as these plantations are essential to local food security.
We compiled data from four recent studies on plant-pollinator networks in 65 smallholder tropical orchards across Thailand. Using network analyses, we compared species degree (i.e., the number of pollinator species visiting a plant) and specialization (d′) between native and introduced plant species, with the latter further categorized into non-naturalized, naturalized, and invasive groups. Analyses were conducted using linear mixed-effects models, treating individual plant species as the unit of analysis and incorporating orchard identity nested within study as a random effect. A..., , # Pollinator interactions of native and introduced plants in smallholder tropical orchards across a gradient of anthropogenic landscapes

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.0cfxpnwdx](10.5061/dryad.0cfxpnwdx)

## Description of the data and file structure

This project analyzes how plant-pollinator interaction networks vary across different plant categories and landscapes in tropical orchards. We focus on both species-level and network-level metrics to assess the ecological roles of native vs. introduced plants, human food plants, and the impacts of land-use change.

### Files and variables

#### File: Dataset.zip

**Description:** Compiled CSV datasets of plant–pollinator interactions across 96 orchard sites. Used as input for metric calculations.

#### File: SP_and_NW_level-Pollination_network_each_site.R

**Description:** R script to calculate species-level and network-level pollination metrics per site.

#### File: SP_level.zip

**Description:** Contains all scripts and data for species-le...,