CAMS global biomass burning emissions based on fire radiative power (GFAS)

Emissions of atmospheric pollutants from biomass burning and vegetation fires are key drivers of the evolution of atmospheric composition, with a high degree of spatial and temporal variability, and an accurate representation of them in models is essential.
The CAMS Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) utilises satellite observations of fire radiative power (FRP) to provide near-real-time information on the location, relative intensity and estimated emissions from biomass burning and vegetation fires. Emissions are estimated by (i) conversion of FRP observations to the dry matter (DM) consumed by the fire, and (ii) application of emission factors to DM for different biomes, based on field and laboratory studies in the scientific literature, to estimate the emissions. Emissions estimates for 40 pyrogenic species are available from GFAS, including aerosols, reactive gases and greenhouse gases, on a regular grid with a spatial resolution of 0.1 degrees longitude by 0.1 degrees latitude.
This version of GFAS (v1.2) provides daily averaged data based on a combination of FRP observations from two Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments, one on the NASA EOS-Terra satellite and the other on the NASA EOS-Aqua satellite from 1 January 2003 to present. GFAS also provides daily estimates of smoke plume injection heights derived from FRP observations and meteorological information from the operational weather forecasts from ECMWF.
GFAS data have been used to provide surface boundary conditions for the CAMS global atmospheric composition and European regional air quality forecasts, and the wider atmospheric chemistry modelling community.

大气污染物排放，尤其是生物质燃烧和植被火灾产生的排放，是大气组成演化的关键驱动力，其空间和时间上的变异性极高，因此在模型中对这些排放的精确表征至关重要。全球火事件同化系统（CAMS Global Fire Assimilation System，简称GFAS）利用卫星观测到的火辐射功率（Fire Radiative Power，简称FRP）来提供关于生物质燃烧和植被火灾位置、相对强度及估计排放的近实时信息。排放量的估算通过以下两个步骤完成：（i）将FRP观测值转换为火灾消耗的干燥物质（Dry Matter，简称DM），以及（ii）根据科学文献中的现场和实验室研究，对不同生物群落应用排放系数于DM，以估算排放量。GFAS提供40种热原性物种的排放估算，包括气溶胶、活性气体和温室气体，以0.1度经度×0.1度纬度的常规网格形式提供。（v1.2）版本的GFAS基于来自两个中分辨率成像光谱仪（Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer，简称MODIS）的FRP观测值，一个位于NASA EOS-Terra卫星，另一个位于NASA EOS-Aqua卫星上，从2003年1月1日至今提供每日平均值数据。GFAS还提供基于FRP观测值和来自欧洲中期天气预报中心（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts，简称ECMWF）的气象预报信息的烟雾羽流注入高度估算。GFAS数据已被用于为CAMS全球大气组成和欧洲区域空气质量预报提供地表边界条件，并为更广泛的全球大气化学模拟社群提供服务。