DataSheet1_Easily attainable and low immunogenic stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth enhanced the in vivo bone regeneration ability of gelatin/bioactive glass microsphere composite scaffolds.docx

Repair of critical-size bone defects remains a considerable challenge in the clinic. The most critical cause for incomplete healing is that osteoprogenitors cannot migrate to the central portion of the defects. Herein, stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) with the properties of easy attainability and low immunogenicity were loaded into gelatin/bioactive glass (GEL/BGM) scaffolds to construct GEL/BGM + SHED engineering scaffolds. An in vitro study showed that BGM could augment the osteogenic differentiation of SHED by activating the AMPK signaling cascade, as confirmed by the elevated expression of osteogenic-related genes, and enhanced ALP activity and mineralization formation in SHED. After implantation in the critical bone defect model, GEL/BGM + SHED scaffolds exhibited low immunogenicity and significantly enhanced new bone formation in the center of the defect. These results indicated that GEL/BGM + SHED scaffolds present a new promising strategy for critical-size bone healing.

修复临界尺寸骨缺损在临床上仍然是一项重大的挑战。不完整愈合的最关键原因是成骨祖细胞无法迁移至缺损的中心部位。本研究中，具有易于获取和低免疫原性的脱落乳牙来源的干细胞（SHED）被加载到明胶/生物活性玻璃（GEL/BGM）支架中，构建了GEL/BGM + SHED工程支架。体外研究表明，通过激活AMPK信号级联反应，生物活性玻璃（BGM）可以增强SHED的成骨分化，这一结论得到了成骨相关基因表达增加、ALP活性增强以及SHED中矿化形成增多的证实。在临界骨缺损模型中的植入实验表明，GEL/BGM + SHED支架表现出低免疫原性，并在缺损中心显著促进了新骨的形成。这些结果指出，GEL/BGM + SHED支架为临界尺寸骨愈合提供了一种具有广阔前景的新策略。