Supplementary data for Insect-eP450DB

Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are crucial for detoxifying xenobiotics and enabling resistance to insecticides in major agricultural pests and disease vectors. Despite significant advancements in identifying P450s, data linking specific P450s to their metabolic substrates remain fragmented, hindering comprehensive research. We present Insect-eP450DB (Insect Experimental P450-Compounds Database), a centralized resource consolidating functional data on insect P450s and their interactions with various compounds. Through extensive literature mining, we curated 399 P450 enzymes from 75 insect species across nine orders, associated with 133 compounds and verified by six validation methods—including RNA interference (RNAi), CRISPR, and heterologous expression systems. Structural information was enriched using AlphaFold3-predicted models, and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed with MAFFT and IQ-TREE. The database features six modules: Insect, Compound, Gene, BLAST, Tree, and Download, offering extensive search, analysis, and retrieval functions. Insect-eP450DB addresses critical gaps in insecticide resistance research by providing an accessible platform for exploring P450-compound interactions, enhancing the understanding of resistance mechanisms, and supporting the development of targeted pest management strategies. Future updates will incorporate machine learning tools for predictive modeling and integrate new data to ensure up-to-date resources for the entomological research community.