Differential responses in the resilience of natural and planted forests to hydrothermal conditions under severe drought stress

The data were collected and processed to examine the post-drought resilience of natural and planted forests in Guizhou Province, China, and to explore the hydrothermal regulatory mechanisms involved. These data include: (1) digital elevation model (DEM) data in GeoTIFF format, providing topographic information for the study area; (2) forest type distribution data in GeoTIFF format, retaining only pixels where forest type (natural vs. planted) remained unchanged throughout the study period; (3) meteorological station data, comprising geographic location information of 83 national benchmark and basic meteorological stations across Guizhou Province; (4) station-based SPEI-3 data, calculated using the Thornthwaite method from the monthly precipitation and temperature records; (5) gross primary productivity (GPP) data derived from the MOD17A2H product, which have been de-seasoned and detrended to remove seasonal fluctuations and long-term trends; (6) the relative importance rankings of hydrothermal factors (precipitation, temperature, net downward shortwave radiation flux, vapor pressure deficit, and soil moisture at two depths) influencing forest resilience, generated by the random forest model; and (7) data for each selected drought event, including drought severity and the resilience of both natural and planted forests. All data are derived from publicly available remote sensing and climate sources; no personal, sensitive, or identifiable information is included. There are no legal or ethical restrictions on the use of this dataset, provided proper citation is given.