Parameter values for numerical calculation.

Occupational exposure to respirable coal dust poses severe health risks in underground mining operations, primarily through the development of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP)—a progressive and irreversible pulmonary disease. To address this challenge, we developed an innovative dust suppression system that integrates ultrasonic atomization with acoustic agglomeration technology. The system operates via a dual-phase mechanism: ultrasonic atomization generates ultrafine water droplets (2.5 removal efficiency compared to conventional high-pressure spray systems. This enhancement is attributed to the synergistic effects of acoustic focusing and droplet entrapment. The study establishes a foundational framework for the development of acoustically enhanced pretreatment systems and offers a practical strategy for reducing respirable dust exposure in underground mining environments.