Lemniscates fitting to the contour of thermoplastic filaments pairs during viscous sintering

Characterization of the viscous sintering of extruded filaments pairs (zein plasticized by 20w%glycerol used as model-biopolymer for Additive Manufacturing by Melt Extrusion ; T=120°C ; Extruded_Filament_Diameter≈2mm) : Successive lemniscates fitting to their evolving contour.
- Sintering time [s] (Column#1);
- Average values of the shape parameter B [-] and their associated standard deviations [-] (Columns#2 and #3, respectively), computed from lemniscate fitting in a polar coordinate system (Sowinski and Jasion, 2019);
- Average values of parameter a [pixel] and their associated standard deviations [pixel] (Columns#4 and #5, respectively), issued from image analysis. With a=Lmax/2, Lmax being the maximal horizontal lenght of the white object (i.e., filaments pairs) on the segmented image (i.e., binary). Parameter a is used as the size coefficient for lemniscate fitting in a polar coordinate system (Sowinski and Jasion, 2019);
- Average values of Lmax normalized as the sintering filaments size factor : Lmax/Lmax_initial [-] and their associated standard deviations [-] (Columns#6 and #7, respectively);
- Average values of m^2 [-], derived from the parameter m of lemniscate used to fit particles viscous sintering in a Cartesian coordinate system (Hopper, 1984) and their associated standard deviations [-] (Columns#8 and #9, respectively).