中国北方集中供暖历年初、终日及供暖强度数据集（1961-2016）

基于国家气象信息中心提供的“中国地面气温0.5&deg x 0.5&deg格点数据集”中1961-2016年逐日气温资料，按照国家集中供暖有关设计规范（2012），当5天滑动平均气温低于或等于5℃时5天中的第一天作为供暖开始日期，即供暖初日。当5天滑动平均气温高于或等于5℃时5天中的最后一天作为供暖截止日期，即供暖终日。每个供暖季，自供暖初日到供暖终日为供暖期日数（长度）。供暖强度则用日平均气温低于5℃时的供暖度日累计计算。中国北方集中供暖历年初、终日及供暖强度数据集（1961-2016）包括：（1）中国北方0.5&deg x 0.5&deg逐年的供暖初日、供暖终日、供暖期长度和供暖强度数据（4230个格点）；（2）中国东北、华北和西北地区历年集中供暖初日、供暖终日和供暖强度数据。数据分析结果表明，近55 年来中国北方集中供暖初日均呈后延趋势，供暖终日均呈提前趋势，供暖期长度均呈减少趋势，东北、华北地区近55 年减少了10-15 天，西北地区减少了 15-20 天；东北、华北、西北地区供暖强度分别减少了12%、20%、15%。该数据集由25个数据文件组成，数据存储为.shp和.xlsx格式，数据量为499 MB（压缩为1个文件，2.39 MB）。该数据集的研究成果发表在《地理科学》2018年38卷第10期。

This dataset is developed based on the daily air temperature data from 1961 to 2016 extracted from the China's 0.5°×0.5° Gridded Surface Air Temperature Dataset provided by the National Meteorological Information Center. According to the National Design Specifications for Centralized Heating (2012), the first day of a 5-day period with a 5-day moving average air temperature ≤5°C is defined as the initial heating date (start of the heating period), while the last day of a 5-day period with a 5-day moving average air temperature ≥5°C is defined as the final heating date (end of the heating period). For each heating season, the heating period length is calculated as the number of days between the initial and final heating dates. Heating intensity is quantified as the cumulative heating degree days when the daily average air temperature is below 5°C.

The Dataset of Initial/Final Heating Dates and Heating Intensity for Centralized Heating in Northern China (1961-2016) includes two parts of data: (1) Annual data of initial heating date, final heating date, heating period length and heating intensity on 0.5°×0.5° grid points across Northern China, with a total of 4230 grid points; (2) Annual data of initial heating date, final heating date and heating intensity for Northeast China, North China and Northwest China.

Data analysis results show that over the past 55 years, the initial heating dates in Northern China have all exhibited a delaying trend, while the final heating dates have shown an advancing trend, resulting in a decreasing trend in the length of heating periods. Specifically, the heating period length in Northeast and North China has decreased by 10-15 days over the past 55 years, while that in Northwest China has decreased by 15-20 days; the heating intensity in Northeast, North and Northwest China has decreased by 12%, 20% and 15% respectively.

This dataset consists of 25 data files, stored in .shp and .xlsx formats, with an uncompressed total size of 499 MB (compressed to a single file of 2.39 MB). The research findings based on this dataset were published in *Geographical Science*, Volume 38, Issue 10, 2018.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了1961年至2016年中国北方集中供暖的历年初日、终日、供暖天数和供暖强度数据，基于日气温数据和国家标准计算生成。数据集包含空间网格点数据和区域汇总数据，揭示了过去55年供暖期缩短和供暖强度下降的趋势，例如东北和华北供暖期减少10-15天，西北减少15-20天，供暖度日分别下降12%、20%和15%。