Digital–Real Economy Integration

Advancing the development of new quality productive forces is a critical step for China to address the new challenges posed by the global technological revolution and industrial transformation, and to achieve high-quality economic growth in the new era. Building on the “four-element theory,” this study constructs an analytical framework that employs dynamic Qualitative Comparative Analysis (dynamic QCA) to examine how the integration of the digital and real economies fosters new quality productive forces across 30 provinces in mainland China from 2013 to 2022 (excluding Tibet due to incomplete data).