A conceptual framework on right and left-wing populist cultural policies: similitudes and differences from the Argentina case

Populism is at present a contested and extended concept. Different approaches -- concerning how constructing hegemony through a discourse that opposes elites to the people -- are handled by left and right-wing politicians and discussed by citizens on a daily basis. In a globalized world, where communication technologies greater define political struggle, the potential of discourse for shaping social life becomes evident, while "post-truth" political culture generates a constant overlapping of messages. In this context, culture and cultural policies are turning into fundamental instruments for political dispute both at public and street levels. However, no clear definitions about how public cultural policies are adopting populism as strategic basis or concerning how populism is determining contemporary cultural policies. In this text we offer a conceptual framework for advancing on delimiting the main characteristics of populist cultural policies on the basis of two opposite Argentinian cases, the right-wing administrations of PRO in the city of Buenos Aires and left-wing Kirchnerism in the central government.

当前，民粹主义是一个充满争议且内涵丰富的概念。关于如何通过一种对立于精英与民众的意识形态来构建霸权的不同路径，被左右翼政治家所采纳并在民众日常讨论中展开。在全球化背景下，通信技术更加深刻地定义了政治斗争，话语对于塑造社会生活的潜力日益凸显，而“后真相”政治文化则产生了信息的持续重叠。在此背景下，文化与文化产业政策正转变为公共和街头政治争议的基本工具。然而，关于公共文化产业政策如何将民粹主义作为战略基础，以及民粹主义如何决定当代文化产业政策的明确定义尚不清晰。本文旨在提供一个概念框架，基于阿根廷两个对立案例——布宜诺斯艾利斯市的右翼 PRO 行政管理和中央政府的左翼基尔钦尼主义——对民粹主义文化产业政策的主要特征进行界定。