Data and analysis scripts for: Effects of climate warming and drought on understory plant diversity and thermophilization are modulated by forest structure: a five-years re-survey study across European forests

This dataset contains raw field data and analysis scripts from a study assessing the effects of forest stand structure, edge proximity, and climate change on understory vegetation across 216 permanent plots in 45 European forest sites (Norway to Italy) surveyed between 2018 and 2023. It includes plot-level information on species presence and cover for each forest layer. The dataset also provides R scripts (Formica_resurvey.Rmd) used to reproduce all analyses and figures. These data allow replication of all analyses and can be reused to study temporal changes in understory vegetation composition and community responses to forest structure and climatic variables.