RNA特异性腺苷脱氨酶在无脊椎动物中的功能研究进展

Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA(ADARs) protein family is widely distributed among both vertebrates and invertebrates. At present, the functions of ADAR in vertebrates have been systematically and extensively studied. Numerous studies have highlighted its critical roles in immune regulation, antiviral defense, cancer therapy, and neurodevelopment. This paper summarizes key issues in the study of ADAR in invertebrates, with a focus on its structural features, expression patterns, RNA editing activity, and functions in immunity and neurodevelopment. The analysis indicates that invertebrate ADAR shares similar functions with vertebrate ADAR, fully demonstrating the high degree of functional conservation of ADAR between invertebrates and vertebrates. On this basis, the paper also discusses the prospects for research on the evolutionary patterns of invertebrate ADAR and its molecular mechanisms underlying cross-species adaptation, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for in-depth exploration of the evolutionary conservation and functional diversity of the ADAR family.