Combination phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor treatment reduces non-voiding contraction in a rat model of overactive bladder

Introduction: Current treatments for overactive bladder (OAB) are often discontinued due to side effects or lack of efficacy. The goal of this study was to determine if combining a phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor (PDE4i); with a type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i); would have a beneficial effect on OAB symptoms and if a reduced dose of PDE4i in combination with PDE5i could also provide a beneficial effect in OAB. We hypothesized that PDE5i and PDE4i combination treatment could be utilized to reduce non-voiding contractions and smooth muscle disruption in a rat model of OAB. Methods: Fifty-eight age-matched Sprague-Dawley rats underwent PBOO and daily gavage with PDE4i alone (roflumilast; 1mg/kg), PDE5i alone (tadalafil;10mg/kg), high dose combination (PDE4i 1mg/kg, PDE5i 10mg/kg), low dose combination (PDE4i 0.2mg/kg, PDE5i 10mg/kg), or vehicle for 28 days. Fourteen animals underwent sham PBOO with vehicle. Rats underwent conscious and anesthetized cystometry 28 days after PBOO and were euth...