Ordinary least squares regression of the natural log of total per patient costs for the first year on ART against study site and patient-specific characteristicsa.

3TC: lamivudine; ABC: abacavir; ART: antiretroviral therapy; AZT: zidovudine; CI: confidence interval; d4T: stavudine; EFV: efavirenz; FTC: emtricitabine; IDV: indinavir; LPV/r: ritonavir-boosted lopinavir; NFV: nelfinavir; NNRTI: non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NVP: nevirapine; PI: protease inhibitor; TDF: tenofovir.aAnalysis includes 945 patients in the subset of the sample remaining in care 12 months after ART initiation. Analysis excludes 32 patients in the subset of the sample remaining in care 12 months after ART initiation who initiated ART with a triple NRTI regimen because they had a confirmed or presumptive diagnosis of TB.bFor interpretation, the coefficient multiplied by 100 represents the percentage change in total costs for a one unit change in the explanatory variable.cReference is site 1.dReference is initiation in 2006.eReference is initiation on a regimen containing d4T+3TC.fReference is initiation on a regimen containing NVP. The “other” category includes LPV/r, IDV, and NFV.