Different development status of gut microbiome link to the dysbiosis of gut ecosystem in early childhood with atopic dermatitis

Gut microbiome in early childhood can play important role in allergic diseases, but the comprehensive understanding of microbiome-human crosstalk is limited. We analyzed the development of gut microbiome during early life and compared them between infants with atopic dermatitis (AD) and without AD. The maturation of gut microbiome was higher at early ages (6-12 months) and lower at later ages (13-36 months) in childhood with AD. The influence of gut microbiome on the AD was not caused by single taxa throughout early life but caused by the development status. Dysregulated development of gut microbiome leaded to the dysbiosis of functional gene features and short-chain fatty acids profiles along age. Dysbiosis of gut microbiome in AD groups during early life could be causation or resultant of continuously symbiosis between gut microbiome and host. Our results advanced the hypothesis about the microbiome-host interactions in AD during early life.