Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of high-altitude wind shear

The vehicles at the rising stage are susceptible to being influenced by upper atmospheric wind. The high-altitude wind shear is essential in the rocket design. The synthetical wind vector approach is used to determine the wind shear features from the ground to 30 km in the East Asia region, based on the National Centers for Environment Prediction （NCEP）reanalysis data from 2020 to 2022. The findings indicate a relationship between season, altitude, and horizontal distribution and the maximum wind direction, maximum wind speed, and wind shear. The wind shear from radiosonde observations is used to analyze the difference between true atmospheric wind shear and that from NCEP. NCEP underestimates the wind shear. The attack angles of two simulated launch vehicles in the atmosphere wind are analyzed. The results indicate that wind shear has a significant impact below 5 km and between 7～18 km. These results are helpful to grasp the distribution characteristics of high-altitude wind shear in China and provide a reference for the accurate and safe rocket design.