基于世界土壤数据库（HWSD）的中国土壤数据集(v1.1)（2009）

数据来源于联合国粮农组织（FAO）和维也纳国际应用系统研究所(IIASA)所构建的世界土壤数据库(Harmonized World Soil Database version 1.1 )(HWSD). 中国境内数据源为第二次全国土地调查南京土壤所所提供的1：100万土壤数据。 该数据可为建模者提供模型输入参数,农业角度可用来研究生态农业分区,粮食安全和气候变化等。数据格式:grid栅格格式，投影为WGS84。采用的土壤分类系统主要为FAO-90。

土壤属性表主要字段包括:
SU_SYM90（FAO90土壤分类系统中土壤名称)；
SU_SYM85(FAO85分类);
T_TEXTURE(顶层土壤质地);
DRAINAGE(19.5);
REF_DEPTH(土壤参考深度);
AWC_CLASS(19.5);
AWC_CLASS(土壤有效水含量);
PHASE1: Real (土壤相位);
PHASE2: String (土壤相位)；
ROOTS: String (到土壤底部存在障碍的深度分类)；
SWR: String (土壤含水量特征)；
ADD_PROP: Real (土壤单元中与农业用途有关的特定土壤类型)；
T_GRAVEL: Real (碎石体积百分比)；
T_SAND: Real (沙含量)；
T_SILT: Real (淤泥含量)；
T_CLAY: Real (粘土含量)；
T_USDA_TEX: Real (USDA土壤质地分类)；
T_REF_BULK: Real (土壤容重)；
T_OC: Real (有机碳含量)；
T_PH_H2O: Real (酸碱度)
T_CEC_CLAY: Real (粘性层土壤的阳离子交换能力)；
T_CEC_SOIL: Real (土壤的阳离子交换能力)
T_BS: Real (基本饱和度)；
T_TEB: Real (交换性盐基)；
T_CACO3: Real (碳酸盐或石灰含量)
T_CASO4: Real (硫酸盐含量)；
T_ESP: Real (可交换钠盐)；
T_ECE: Real (电导率)。
其中以T_开头属性字段表示上层土壤属性（0-30cm），以S_开头属性字段表示下层土壤属性（30-100cm）。
具体属性值代表何意义请参考文件夹下说明文档*.pdf及数据库*.mdb。

The dataset is sourced from the Harmonized World Soil Database version 1.1 (HWSD) developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Vienna. For data within China, the source is the 1:1,000,000 scale soil data provided by the Nanjing Institute of Soil Science during the Second National Land Survey. This dataset can provide model input parameters for modelers, and can also be applied to research on ecological agricultural zoning, food security, climate change and other topics from an agricultural perspective. The data is in grid raster format with the WGS84 projection, and the primary soil classification system adopted is FAO-90.

The main fields of the soil attribute table are listed below:
SU_SYM90: Soil name in the FAO90 soil classification system;
SU_SYM85: Classification in FAO85;
T_TEXTURE: Topsoil texture;
DRAINAGE (19.5);
REF_DEPTH: Soil reference depth;
AWC_CLASS (19.5);
AWC_CLASS: Soil available water content;
PHASE1: Real (Soil phase);
PHASE2: String (Soil phase);
ROOTS: String (Depth classification with obstacles to the soil bottom);
SWR: String (Soil water content characteristics);
ADD_PROP: Real (Specific soil types related to agricultural use in soil units);
T_GRAVEL: Real (Gravel volume percentage);
T_SAND: Real (Sand content);
T_SILT: Real (Silt content);
T_CLAY: Real (Clay content);
T_USDA_TEX: Real (USDA soil texture classification);
T_REF_BULK: Real (Soil bulk density);
T_OC: Real (Organic carbon content);
T_PH_H2O: Real (Soil pH in water);
T_CEC_CLAY: Real (Cation exchange capacity of clayey soil layers);
T_CEC_SOIL: Real (Soil cation exchange capacity);
T_BS: Real (Base saturation);
T_TEB: Real (Exchangeable bases);
T_CACO3: Real (Carbonate or lime content);
T_CASO4: Real (Sulfate content);
T_ESP: Real (Exchangeable sodium percentage);
T_ECE: Real (Electrical conductivity).

Attribute fields starting with T_ represent topsoil properties (0-30 cm), while those starting with S_ represent subsoil properties (30-100 cm). For the specific meanings of the attribute values, please refer to the instruction document *.pdf and the database file *.mdb in the accompanying folder.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是基于世界土壤数据库（HWSD v1.1）的中国土壤数据，整合了FAO和IIASA的全球数据以及中国第二次土地调查的详细土壤信息，以栅格格式（WGS84投影）提供2009年的土壤属性，包括质地、有机碳、酸碱度等关键参数，适用于农业建模、生态分区和气候变化研究。数据集具有开放获取特点，覆盖中国全境，为土壤科学和农业应用提供了基础数据支持。