Association between high serum uric acid levels and eGFR decline in subjects with low serum uric acid levels (male, <5 mg/dl; female, <3.6 mg/dl).

Values are given as parameter estimates (standard error) and p values. Multivariate linear mixed models were adjusted for baseline characteristics. Age, BMI, serum uric acid level, eGFR, and proteinuria were treated as time-dependent variables in multivariate linear mixed models. Because there were only four females with hyperuricemia, hyperuricamia was not included in the model for females.Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; proteinuria, proteinuria positive; DM, diabetes mellitus; CVD, history of cardiovascular disease; hyperuricemia, history of hyperuricemia including gout; alcohol, daily alcohol consumption; exercise, having regular exercise.Association between high serum uric acid levels and eGFR decline in subjects with low serum uric acid levels (male,