Associations of age- and sex-standardized IGF z-scores and percentage change in time to complete the get-up and go test from linear regression models.

*IGFBP-2 and insulin were natural log transformed before standardizing due to skewed distributions.†Sample sizes are based on complete-case analyses for all confounders: Boyd Orr IGFs n = 393, insulin n = 359; CaPS IGFs n = 722, insulin n = 950.‡Data were combined if there was no evidence the association differed between the cohorts.§The natural log transformation was used on the get-up and go test. Coefficients are interpreted as % change in time per SD change in IGF; a positive % change indicates a slower walk time; a negative % change indicates a faster walk time.¶Minimal adjusted models control for age at performance test and sex (Boyd Orr); confounder adjusted models additionally control for research centre, adult social class, diet variables (milk intake, calcium, protein, fat and total energy), exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption; fully adjusted models additionally control for body mass index (BMI) at the time of IGF measurement and co-morbidities at the time of the physical performance tests.