Plankton recruitment from coastal sediments under different temperature and light treatments

In highly seasonal systems, the emergence of planktonic resting stages from the sediment is a key driver for bloom timing and plankton community composition. The termination of the resting phase is often linked to environmental cues, but the extent to which recruitment of resting stages is affected by climate change remains largely unknown for coastal environments. Here we investigate phyto- and zooplankton recruitment from oxic sediments in the Baltic Sea in a controlled experiment under proposed temperature and light increase during the spring and summer. We find that emergence of resting stage differs between seasons and the abiotic environment. Phytoplankton recruitment from resting stages were high in spring with significantly higher emergence rates at increased temperature and light levels for dinoflagellate and cyanobacteria than for diatoms, which had highest emergence under cold and dark conditions. In comparison, copepod hatchlings were most abundant in summer and emergence wa..., Twenty-four sediment cores were collected with a Multicorer (K.U.M. Umwelt und Meerestechnik, Kiel GmbH), fitted with 4 plexiglass tubes measuring 10 cm (inner diameter) and subsampled with plexiglass tubes (25 cm high, 7.4 cm inner diameter with a surface area of 0.004 m2) from a depth of 21 m in the northern Baltic Sea proper (58°50´N, 17°33´E). The same tubes were used for the microcosm experiments. The ratio of sediment to overlaying bottom water (451 ml) in each subsample was about 1:1. The smaller tubes (hereafter called microcosms) were kept cold and dark from collection until being placed in a temperature-controlled room set to in situ bottom temperature for 24 h to allow any suspended material to settle to the bottom. Before deployment of the multicorer, bottom water was collected with a Niskin bottle, and temperature, oxygen and light intensity was measured at 20 m depth by use of a CTD (Sea & Sun Technology GmbH). Sampling was conducted once in the late June 2019 (summer)..., , # Data from: The response of plankton resting stage emergence to climate warming from coastal sediments

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Data represent the number of hatchlings from sediment cores subjected to different treatments for a volume of 0.4513 L and surface area of 0.004 m2. Sediment was sampled a depth of 21 m in the northern Baltic Sea proper (5850N, 1733E).

## Description of the data and file structure

HatchingData-PP.txt
Treatment: CTRL (control), L (light increase), T (temperature increase), T+L (light and temperature increase)
Replicate: number of replicate
Week: week of sampling, 1 or 2
Season: time (season of the experiment: spring, summer)
Peridiniales: number of hatchlings per 0.4513 L or 0.004 m2
Gymnodiniales: number of hatchlings per 0.4513 L or 0.004 m2
Dinoflagellate: number of hatchlings per 0.4513 L or 0.004 m2
Skeletonema: number of hatchlings per 0.4513 L or 0.004 m2
Chaetoceros: number of hatchlings per 0.4513 L or 0.004 m2
Coscinodiscus: number of hatchlings per 0.4513 L or 0.004 ...