Active shape programming drives Drosophila wing disc eversion

How complex 3D tissue shape emerges during animal development remains an important open question in biology and biophysics. In this work, we study eversion of the Drosophila wing disc pouch, a 3D morphogenesis step when the epithelium transforms from a radially symmetric dome into a curved fold shape via an unknown mechanism. To explain this morphogenesis, we take inspiration from inanimate ”shape-programmable” materials, which are capable of undergoing blueprinted 3D shape transformations arising from in-plane gradients of spontaneous strains. Here, we show that active, in-plane cellular behaviors can similarly create spontaneous strains that drive 3D tissue shape change and that the wing disc pouch is shaped in this way. We map cellular behaviors in the wing disc pouch by developing a method for quantifying spatial patterns of cell behaviors on arbitrary 3D tissue surfaces using cellular topology. We use a physical shape-programmability model to show that spontaneous strains arising f..., Drosophila wing discs of various stages starting from late larval through 6hr after puparium formation were dissected and imaged live in low melting agarose using multi-angle light sheet microscopy. Tissue shape was manually extracted in 2 orthogonal cross-sections (along and across dorsal-ventral boundary), and its shape and calculated curvature are included here. Apical cell cross-sections were segmented in individual views, and the 3d position was recorded from the full 3d image stack. The CellProperties file includes information about cell size, shape, and position, measured using an updated 3d version of the software TissueMiner. , , # Active shape programming drives Drosophila wing disc eversion

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vdncjsz2x](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vdncjsz2x)

This dataset contains measurements of tissue and cell shape during Drosophila wing disc eversion, imaged using light sheet microscopy.

## Description of the data and file structure

* The CellProperties.csv data table contains cell shape properties from an area-weighted average of subcellular triangles for each cell. All segmented cells of different developmental stages are included (96hAEL, 120hAEL, wL3, 0hAPF, 2hAPF, 4hAPF, 6hAPF).
Measured quantities:
'cell_id' : unique cell ID for the segmented image
'devstage': developmental stage
'center_x', 'center_y', 'center_z': center position of each cell
'area': cell area in um^2
'normal_x', 'normal_y', 'normal_z': averaged normal vector of each cell
'neighbour_number': number of neighbours/ polygon class
'elongation_tensor_norm_max': magnitude of cell elongation
'mean_curvatu...