凡纳滨对虾高耐盐性状的基因组选择育种分析

凡纳滨对虾(Litopeneaus vannamei)可以忍受0.5到40的盐度范围。在较高盐度(>40)条件下也能存活，但虾的生长和存活率较低。在国内有大面积的高盐度池塘可作为虾类养殖，因此，有必要选育高耐盐新品种。本研究对高耐盐性的遗传参数和基因组选择方法进行了评价。采用定制的SNP芯片对375只对虾进行基因分型，分析了生存时间、生存状态和致死盐度3个表型性状。高耐盐性状的遗传力估计范围为0.38±0.01 ~ 0.5±0.01，基于2826个snp的基因组预测精度为0.62±0.03 ~ 0.76±0.01。与PBLUP相比，GBLUP对生存状态、生存时间和致死盐度的预测准确率分别提高1.4%、5.1%和12.1%。预测最佳参考群体大小为1000，预测精度可提高到0.9。这些结果为耐高盐品种的选育提供指导，并促进GS在对虾育种中的应用。

Litopenaeus vannamei can tolerate a salinity range of 0.5 to 40. They can also survive at salinities higher than 40, but with reduced growth and survival rates. There are large areas of hypersaline ponds available for shrimp farming in China, making it necessary to breed new varieties with high salinity tolerance. This study evaluated the genetic parameters of high salinity tolerance and genomic selection methods. A custom SNP array was used to genotype 375 shrimp, and three phenotypic traits were analyzed: survival time, survival status, and lethal salinity. The heritability estimates for the high salinity tolerance trait ranged from 0.38±0.01 to 0.5±0.01, and the genomic prediction accuracy based on 2826 SNPs ranged from 0.62±0.03 to 0.76±0.01. Compared with PBLUP, GBLUP improved the prediction accuracy for survival status, survival time, and lethal salinity by 1.4%, 5.1%, and 12.1%, respectively. The optimal reference population size for prediction was determined to be 1000, which could increase the prediction accuracy to 0.9. These results provide guidance for the breeding of high salinity-tolerant shrimp varieties and promote the application of genomic selection (GS) in shrimp breeding.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于凡纳滨对虾的高耐盐性状基因组选择育种分析，旨在通过定制SNP芯片对375只对虾进行基因分型，评估生存时间、生存状态和致死盐度等表型性状的遗传参数和基因组预测方法。研究发现高耐盐性状的遗传力估计范围在0.38到0.5之间，基因组预测精度可达0.62到0.76，且与PBLUP相比，GBLUP方法在预测准确率上有所提升，最佳参考群体大小为1000时可进一步提高精度至0.9，为对虾耐高盐品种选育提供指导。数据覆盖2019年6月至2021年10月在海南省文昌市的研究，存储格式为XLS，关键词包括全基因组选择和高盐度耐受。