Sexual Dimorphism of Plasma Proteomes in Human Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis

Females are underrepresented in studies of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS), leading to delay in timely intervention and increased mortality. Histopathology demonstrates female CAVS presents with decreased valvular calcification but increased fibrosis and severity of symptoms. CAVS plasma samples (n=20 females, n=30 males) were analyzed for circulating sex-specific biomarkers via LC-MS/MS.