Forecast evaluation.

This study aims to improve the predictive accuracy of the Housing Price Index (HPI) in India using the unrestricted MIDAS (U-MIDAS) model with novel predictors, including total digital payment value (TDP), consumer price index (CPI), and financial stress index (FSI). Quarterly HPI data from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and monthly data for other variables were used from October 2019 to September 2024. Correlation analysis indicates that HPI and digital payments are positively correlated. There is a weak relationship between HPI and FSI. HPI and CPI have a negative relationship. The U-MIDAS model outperformed other models. The study highlights the effectiveness of the U-MIDAS methodology for short-term forecasting. The study further demonstrates that the forecast accuracy obtained with the unrestricted mixed data sampling (U-MIDAS) regression exceeds that of the ARIMAX model.