Biosynthesis of terpenes: Studies on 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase

Earlier in vivo studies showed the involvement of IspH protein in the conversion of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate into isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). We have demonstrated now that cell extract of an Escherichia coli strain engineered for hyperexpression of the ispH (lytB) gene catalyzes the in vitro conversion of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate into IPP and DMAPP. The reaction requires NADH, FAD, divalent cations (preferably Co(2+)), and probably one or more as-yet-unidentified proteins. The low intrinsic catalytic activities of wild-type E. coli cell extract and isolated chromoplasts of red pepper (Capsicum annuum) are enhanced by the addition of purified recombinant IspH protein.