Relationships among regional occurrence, timing of larval occurrence, management status, and habitat type to directional shifts and synchrony for taxa in the Northeast U.S. Shelf Ecosystem.

Contingency tables were used to test the null hypotheses: that there were no relationships among spatial changes in distribution across region, larval season, management status, or habitat type. Relationships were examined relative to regional occurrence (M—GB = Mid-Atlantic Bight to Georges Bank, S—GOM = Southern New England to Gulf of Maine, and GB—GOM = Georges Bank to Gulf of Maine), larval season (W = winter, Sp = spring, Su = summer, and F = fall), management status (M = managed, N = not managed), and habitat type (D = demersal, P = pelagic). Significant relationships (p ≤ 0.05) are shown and were classified into categories for directional shift and synchrony: no significant relationship (NS), no data (ND), more shifts than expected (More), fewer shifts than expected (Less), more taxa out of sync than expected (Out).