<b>Global budget of major nitrification inhibitors (1980~2015)</b>
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The three most important nitrification inhibitors (NIs) applied worldwide are Dicyandiamide (DCD), 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole-phosphate (DMPP), and 2-Chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine (Nitrapyrin) <sup><em>[1,2]</em></sup>. To assess the environmental fate of these NIs, a top-down model was developed to make a rough estimate of their global budget:<i>Y</i><sub><em>j,t</em></sub> = ∑<sub>(</sub><sub><em>i</em></sub><sub>)</sub>[<i>N</i><sub><em>t</em></sub><i> </i>⋅ <i>A</i><sub><em>t</em></sub> ⋅ <i>B</i><sub><em>i,t</em></sub> ⋅ (<i>W</i><sub><em>i</em></sub> ± <i>ε</i><sub><em>i</em></sub>) ⋅ <i>F</i><sub><em>i,j,t</em></sub> ⋅1000]where <i>i</i>, <i>j</i>, and <i>t</i> denote the species of NIs use (<i>i</i> = 1 to 3; i.e., DCD, DMPP, and Nitrapyrin), the composition of NIs budget (<i>j</i> = 1 to 3; i.e., transport/degradation in biosphere, residue in soil, and leaching/runoff from soil), and the year (<i>t</i> = 1980 to 2015), respectively. <i>Y</i><sub><em>j,t</em></sub> indicates the annual budget (Gg) of <i>j</i>. Other symbols: <i>N</i><sub><em>t</em></sub>, the amount (Tg) of N-fertilizers application; <i>A</i><sub><em>t</em></sub>, the percent (mass %) of N-fertilizers containing NIs; <i>B</i><sub><em>i,t</em></sub>, the share (mass %) of each NI use; <i>W</i><sub><em>i</em></sub>, the mixing ratio (mass %) of each NI to N-fertilizers; <i>ε</i><sub><em>i</em></sub>, the standard deviation (mass %) of <i>W</i><sub><em>i</em></sub>; <i>F</i><sub><em>i,j,t</em></sub>, the fraction (mass %) of different NI-flows for <i>i</i>. Please see details on the parameters in Tables 1~4. The results for global budget of major NIs (1980~2015) have been showed in Figure 1.<br>Zhang, Y., Abalos, D., & Cheng, X. (2024). Global budget of major nitrification inhibitors (1980~2015). <i>Figshare</i>. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.25498699.
全球应用最广泛的三类硝化抑制剂（Nitrification Inhibitors, NIs）分别为双氰胺（Dicyandiamide, DCD）、3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐（3,4-Dimethylpyrazole-phosphate, DMPP）以及2-氯-6-(三氯甲基)吡啶（Nitrapyrin）<sup><em>[1,2]</em></sup>。为评估此类硝化抑制剂的环境归趋，研究人员构建了自上而下模型以粗略估算其全球收支： $Y_{j,t} = sum_{(i)} [N_t cdot A_t cdot B_{i,t} cdot (W_i pm varepsilon_i) cdot F_{i,j,t} cdot 1000]$ 其中$i$、$j$、$t$分别指代硝化抑制剂使用种类（$i=1$至3，即DCD、DMPP与Nitrapyrin）、硝化抑制剂收支构成（$j=1$至3，即生物圈中的迁移/降解、土壤残留以及土壤淋溶/径流）与年份（$t=1980$至2015）。$Y_{j,t}$表示第$j$类收支的年度总量（单位：Gg）。其余符号定义如下：$N_t$为当年氮肥施用量（单位：Tg）；$A_t$为含硝化抑制剂氮肥的质量占比（%）；$B_{i,t}$为第$i$类硝化抑制剂的使用份额（质量%）；$W_i$为第$i$类硝化抑制剂与氮肥的混合比例（质量%）；$varepsilon_i$为$W_i$的标准差（质量%）；$F_{i,j,t}$为第$i$类硝化抑制剂各流向的占比（质量%）。参数详情请参见表1~表4。1980~2015年全球主要硝化抑制剂的收支结果已如图1所示。 Zhang, Y., Abalos, D., & Cheng, X. (2024). 全球主要硝化抑制剂收支（1980~2015）. Figshare. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.25498699.
