Article data-Nutrients(Effects of the Timing of Carbohydrate Intake on Metabolism and Performance in Soccer Players).docx

Effects of the Timing of Carbohydrate Intake on Metabolism and Performance in Soccer PlayersThis study aims to provide information to improve the performance of athletes, comparing the effects of carbohydrate–electrolyte intake before and during exercise on metabolism and performance in soccer players. The study had a single-blind cross-over design. Drust’s protocol is a soccer-specific intermittent exercise test. The carbohydrate-electrolyte intake experiments were divided into three timings: first, Pre-exercise; second, Half-time; and third, Mixed.Respiratory gas and heart rate (COSMED, Quark CPET) are continuously measured during the soccer-specific exercise tests. Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is measured every 15 min on the Borg scale (Borg, 1975) divided into steps 1 to 10. Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER), CHO oxidation, and fat oxidation were expressed by an equation using the measured VO₂ and VCO₂.