Mixed population sequencing of ethanol tolerant Escherichia coli. Escherichia coli strain:SX4

Parallel, independent colonies of Escherichia coli were gradually evolved to high ethanol tolerance. This experiment resulted in several high ethanol tolerant lines. To capture the mutational trajectories, mixed pools were sequenced from intermediate time points before and after the selective sweep resulting in an increase in tolerance from 6% ethanol to 6.5% ethanol.