Multiple Local Solutions and Geomin Rotation

In exploratory factor analysis, factor rotation is conducted to improve model interpretability. A promising and increasingly popular factor rotation method is geomin rotation. Geomin rotation, however, frequently encounters multiple local solutions. We report a simulation study that explores the frequency of local solutions in geomin rotation and the implications of such phenomena. The findings include: (1) multiple local solutions exist for geomin rotation in a variety of situations; (2) ϵ = .01 provides satisfactory rotated factor loadings in most situations; (3) 100 random starts appear sufficient to examine the multiple solution phenomenon; and (4) a population global solution may correspond to a sample local solution rather than the sample global solution.