Systematic Review of Soil Carbon Data from Chronosequence Studies

The dataset was developed through a systematic inventory of studies conducted in the Brazilian Amazon to compile soil organic carbon (SOC) data from forest and pasture ecosystems, with particular emphasis on forest–pasture chronosequences. Literature searches performed between February and August 2025 followed predefined criteria for study selection, exclusion, and data standardization. Only field-based studies reporting SOC stocks, or providing sufficient information for their calculation, stratified by soil depth and pasture age, and including geographic information describing the study sites, were considered eligible. The dataset is provided as two comma-separated values (CSV) files: SOC_dataset, containing the original observations extracted from the literature, including soil bulk density, SOC content, and SOC stock data at different depths; and SOC_harmonized_dataset, containing SOC stock estimates harmonized to a standardized depth of 0–30 cm.