Central Europe Migration Database

The dataset is composed of two companion tables for the same regions of Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland over 2015–2025. Migration (cemd-migration_full_2015-2025.csv) How many foreign citizens held a valid residence or protection status on 31 December of each year, region by region, broken down by sex, five-year age band, citizenship and type of stay. Four national registers are brought into one structure so they can be read side by side: the Czech Ministry of the Interior (published by the Czech Statistical Office), the Slovak Bureau of Border and Alien Police, the Hungarian Central Statistical Office with the National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing, and the Polish Office for Foreigners. column what it is reference_date the date the figure describes — always 31 December, and the only date to plot admin_level, level_name the region code and its name in its own language. Three Polish codes are central register units, not places: PL_OFF (Office for Foreigners, Warsaw), PL_BG (Border Guard) and PL_NA (no region given). They count towards national totals but cannot be mapped country CZ · SK · HU · PL geo_level NUTS3 for CZ/SK/HU, NUTS2 for Poland — do not mix them in one ranking. Mazowieckie carries PL9, the NUTS 1 code, which covers the voivodeship exactly (at NUTS 2 it is split into PL91 and PL92) region_basis residence, or issuing_authority for Poland: Polish permits are attributed to the voivode's office that issued them, not to where the holder lives, so Polish regions measure administrative caseload stay_type one of three categories: Permanent stay · Long-term (renewable) residence · International & temporary protection sex, age_groups, citizenship the breakdown: every row is one sex, one five-year age band (65+ is the last band; Unknown where the source gives no age) and one citizenship value the number of people. Empty means no usable figure — never zero Socio-economic (cemd-economy_2015-2025.csv) Regional unemployment and wages for the same four countries from five national producers — the Czech Statistical Office, the Czech Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic, the Hungarian Central Statistical Office and Statistics Poland — as a complete 58 region × 11 year grid. The national unemployment rate is four different statistics and the wage column is four currencies on four different frames, so every row carries its source type and any break in the series. A harmonised Eurostat layer (ILO unemployment, household income and GDP in PPS) is included for any reading that crosses a border; eu_geo_relation says whether a value belongs to the region itself or to the larger region containing it. The two tables join on region_code = admin_level and reference_year = the year of reference_date. Before you add anything up Poland starts at 31 December 2016; Czechia, Slovakia and Hungary at 31 December 2015. Czech Long-term (renewable) residence at 31 December 2022 and 2023 is empty on purpose: in those two years the Czech source folds temporary-protection holders into it and they cannot be separated. 1,497,745 people (782,000 and 715,745) are withheld, so Czech totals for those years will not match published figures. Hungary has no protection figure in this dataset. Its source's international/national protection category (61,241 people across the eleven dates) is folded into Long-term (renewable) residence, because it is not the EU Temporary Protection population counted in the other three countries. The protection category holds different legal instruments in each country and year: EU temporary protection everywhere it is reported, and in Poland also refugee status, subsidiary protection, tolerated stay and humanitarian stay. Before 2022 the Polish column contains no war displacement. Age detail stops at 65+ in all four countries. Three rules govern use: Publish four national series, never one Central European total. Neither the registers nor the unemployment series count the same universe. A blank is never a zero. The migration table is a floor, not a headcount. It counts residence documents, so it misses people on visas, on seasonal schemes, and anyone without valid status. Licence and source acknowledgement Both tables are derived statistical aggregates released under CC BY 4.0. They contain no cartographic boundaries. When reusing them, credit this dataset and the original producers: Czech Statistical Office / Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic; Czech Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs; Bureau of Border and Alien Police of the Slovak Republic; Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic; Hungarian Central Statistical Office / National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing; Office for Foreigners, Poland (Urząd do Spraw Cudzoziemców); Statistics Poland (GUS); Eurostat. Both files contain derived figures, as the Czech Statistical Office requires them to be marked. The Hungarian credit must accompany the content and, online, link to www.ksh.hu. Eurostat values are reproduced unchanged but may be attached to regions they were not published for, as eu_geo_relation records.