NYC_Neighborhood_Tabulation_Areas_2010

Neighborhood Tabulation Areas (NTAs) were created to project populations at a small area level, from 2000 to 2030 for PlaNYC, the long-term sustainability plan for New York City. Since population size affects the error associated with population projections, these geographic units needed to have a minimum population, which we determined to be 15,000. This criterion resulted in combinations of neighborhoods that probably would not occur if one were solely designating boundaries of historical neighborhoods. Moreover, the neighborhood names associated with the neighborhood tabulation areas are not intended to be definitive. Another feature of the sustainability plan, was the creation of projections for Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs), which are approximations of New York City's Community Districts developed for use with the Census Bureau's Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS). In order to make the boundaries consistent with PUMAs, NTAs were created using whole census tracts, from the 2010 census, within PUMAs. Since NTAs were not permitted to cross PUMA boundaries, this further restricted our ability to identify what may be thought of as historical neighborhood boundaries. Thus, users need to be cognizant of the reason why NTAs were created and the demographic/geographic constraints inherent in how they were configured. Despite these limitations, NTAs are a valuable summary level for use with both the 2010 Census and the American Community Survey (ACS). Regarding the decennial census, these geographic areas offer a good compromise between the very detailed data for census tracts (2,168) and the broad strokes provided by community districts (59). For the ACS, NTAs offer a statistically reliable alternative to the high sampling error that renders data for most individual census tracts unusable.邻里制表区域（Neighborhood Tabulation Areas，简称NTAs）是为配合《纽约市长远可持续性规划》（PlaNYC）开展2000年至2030年小范围人口预估而设立的。由于人口规模会影响人口预估的相关误差，这类地理单元需设置最低人口阈值，我们将其定为15000人。这一标准使得部分社区组合与仅依据历史社区边界划定的结果存在差异。此外，邻里制表区域所关联的社区名称并非官方定论。 该可持续性规划的另一项成果是公共使用微数据区域（Public Use Microdata Areas，简称PUMAs）的预估体系，这类区域是对纽约市社区分区的近似划分，用于配合美国人口普查局的公共使用微数据样本（Public Use Microdata Samples，简称PUMS）开展统计工作。为确保边界与PUMAs保持一致，NTAs以2010年人口普查中的完整普查街区为基础，在PUMAs范围内划定。由于NTAs不得跨越PUMA边界，这进一步限制了其贴合历史社区边界的可能性。因此，使用者需明晰NTAs的设立初衷，以及其构建过程中固有的人口统计与地理约束条件。 尽管存在上述局限，NTAs仍是适配2010年人口普查与美国社区调查（American Community Survey，简称ACS）的优质汇总单元。就十年一次人口普查而言，这类地理区域在普查街区（共2168个）的精细数据与社区分区（共59个）的宏观数据之间实现了良好平衡。而针对ACS，NTAs则提供了统计上可靠的替代方案，规避了因抽样误差过高导致多数单个普查街区数据无法使用的问题。