Table 1_Beyond metabolism: nutrition, sleep, and psychological wellbeing in children with insulin resistance—a case-control study.docx

ObjectiveIn this study, it was aimed to compare the nutritional status, sleep quality, and depression levels of children between the ages of 10–18 who were diagnosed with insulin resistance with their healthy peers.
MethodsA total of 60 children, including children diagnosed with insulin resistance (case) and healthy children (control), were included in the study. Children's demographic information, dietary habits, physical activity status, biochemical findings, and two-day dietary intake records were taken, and the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) were applied to the children.
ResultsA comparison of the case and control groups revealed that the children in the case group showed significantly higher body weights, BMI means (kg/m2), waist circumferences (cm), body fat ratios (%), and BMI z-score according to age compared to the control group (p < 0.05). A subsequent analysis revealed that the energy (kcal), carbohydrate (g), protein (g), fat (g), saturated fatty acids (g), polyunsaturated fatty acids (g), and cholesterol (mg) intakes of the children in the case group were statistically significantly higher compared to the children in the control group (p < 0.05). The mean KIDMED and Dietary Phytochemical Index (DPI) scores of the children in the control group were significantly higher than those in the case group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score (p > 0.05). A statistically significant difference in mean PSQI and CDI scores was observed between the case and control groups (p < 0.05).
ConclusionIn addition to the nutritional status of children with insulin resistance, it is very important to carefully address, monitor, and improve their sleep quality and depression levels.