Between 2007 and 2023, Ireland saw a significant decline in the total number of check payments. In 2007, over 131 million checks were written in the country, which dropped to 15.22 million in 2023.
Vector autoregressive (VAR) models are popularly adopted for modeling high-dimensional time series, and their piecewise extensions allow for structural changes in the data. In VAR modeling, the number
Convex PCA, which was introduced by Bigot et al. modifies Euclidean PCA by restricting the data and the principal components to lie in a given convex subset of a Hilbert space. This setting ari