Czech Republic Forest Above-Ground Biomass 2023

This dataset provides a 20 m resolution map of forest above-ground biomass (AGB) for the Czech Republic representing forest conditions during the 2023 growing season. The dataset was produced using a reproducible Earth observation workflow based on Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 multispectral data, with modelling implemented externally in Python. Forest AGB was estimated using a Random Forest model trained on in-situ reference data from 107 plots, including forest plots from the DendroNetwork monitoring network and low-biomass reference sites used to constrain the lower end of the AGB gradient. Model performance was evaluated using nested spatial cross-validation with 1 km spatial blocking. The selected Random Forest model achieved an outer-fold mean performance of R² = 0.69 ± 0.12, RMSE = 79.28 ± 16.14 Mg·ha⁻¹, and MAE = 48.03 ± 10.20 Mg·ha⁻¹. The resulting dataset is intended for large-area spatial analysis, forest monitoring, and comparison with national and international biomass products.