A fatal case of invasive cerebral aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus calidoustus in a patient with primary immunodeficiency

A rare case of Aspergillus calidoustus invasive aspergillosis (IA) of the brain is reported in a 30-year-old male patient with a history of a primary immunodefficiency and a protracted invasive aspergillosis of nasal cavities. He presented to hospital with cephalea and vertigo and progressive impairment of consciousness occured resulting in his death. IA of the brain was suspected and later confirmed by microscopic and molecular analysis from a bioptic sample. We discuss the challenges faced by a clinician in both diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis in a presence of the rare species.