Impacts of red tide on microbial network complexity and stability of Noctiluca scintillans in the Qinhuangdao coast

Red tide is common in the Bohai Sea off the coast of Qinhuangdao, and one of the primary algae species that causes it there is Noctiluca scintillans. Abiotic and biotic variables work together to determine the occurrence, development, and extinction of red tides. Microbial interactions have been shown to be one of the most important biotic factors in the occurrence and development of red tide. However, it is still unclear how these interactions react to environmental changes and affect the red tide process during N. scintillans bloom outbreaks. Using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes and microbial co-occurrence network analysis, we examined the microbial community structure, microbial interactions, the composition of key species, and the relationship between microbes and environmental factors under the influence of N. scintillans blooms in the offshore region of Qinhuangdao. Our goal was to uncover the role of microbial interactions and other biotic factors in the occurrence of the N. scintillans blooms. Finding out how microbial interactions and other biological elements contribute to N. scintillans blooms is the goal.