Agricultural Biotechnology

USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) regulates the importation, interstate movement, and environmental release or field testing of certain plants and organisms produced through biotechnology. This factsheet answers frequently asked questions about APHIS’ biotechnology regulations. Who regulates agricultural products of biotechnology? What do APHIS’ biotechnology regulations cover? What plants are exempt from APHIS’ biotechnology regulations? How do I verify a plant’s regulatory status? Where can I find a list of modified crops not subject to APHIS regulation? When can modified crops be safely commercialized? When do I need a permit from APHIS? How does APHIS ensure compliance with biotechnology regulations and permit conditions? How does APHIS address regulatory noncompliance? Does APHIS inspect all field tests? What are common compliance infractions? How does APHIS make sure commercial food and feed is free of field-test materials? How does APHIS comply with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)? Does APHIS involve the public in important policy decisions? Where can I go for more information?