Measurements of Atmospheric Transport and Convection of dust for High-Impact Numerical Emission Simulations (MATACHINES), Jornada Experimental Range, 2025

This dataset contains size resolved vertical fluxes of dust and meteorological parameters collected in summer 2025 at the Meteorological Sensor Array (MSA) in the Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico (32.59°N, 106.75°W). The objective of these measurements is to quantify dust fluxes in the near-surface layer using the flux-gradient technique, thereby improving empirical constraints on convective dust emission processes in arid environments. Two TSI DustTrak DRX 8533 aerosol monitors were co-located with standard meteorological sensors to provide high-temporal-resolution aerosol data in the surface layer. The vertical gradient in PM mass concentrations and corresponding gradients in temperature and wind were used to estimate vertical dust fluxes following the flux-gradient method described by Gillette (1972). These flux estimates represent near-surface dust emission measurements under naturally occurring erosive and convective conditions. This dataset captures 14 highly erosive events caused by summertime convective storms over a disturbed shrubland site. The data are suitable for evaluating surface-layer dust transport models and for constraining key parameters in physically based dust emission formulations, particularly for non-synoptic wind erosion events.