A long-term monitoring dataset of soil moisture content in black soil farmland during 2004–2015 under different management regimes in Hailun Agroecosystem Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences

As a critical carrier of the material cycle of agricultural ecosystem, soil water has an important influence on crop growth and ecosystem function. Studies indicated that water is one of mainly limiting factors influencing agricultural productivity in black soil region of Northeast China. Soil moisture is an important indicator of the water environment of the terrestrial ecosystems of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN). Hailun Agroecosystem Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hailun Station) is the only national station among China’s agricultural ecosystems engaged in the long-term monitoring, research, and demonstration of black soil region in Northeast China. In 1993, soil water observation field was set up by combining typical cropping regimes with fertilization regimes in Hailun Station, where long-term soil moisture monitoring and data collection has been carried. This data set is an assemblage of the long-term observation data of soil water content in soil profile under typical farmland management regimes from 2004 to 2015, which provides basic data support for the study of changes in water resources and agricultural sustainable development in the black soil region of Northeast China.