Genetic polymorphism of 27 Y-STR loci in Kazakh populations from Central Kazakhstan

The haplotypes from Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western Kazakhstan, analysed for 27 Y-STR loci, have been contributed to the Y-Chromosome STR Haplotype Reference Database, while the genetic profile of Central Kazakhstan remains inadequately explored. To investigate the genetic diversity of 27 Y-STR loci in the Kazakh populations from Central Kazakhstan. A total of 112 unrelated Central Kazakh males were genotyped <i>via</i> the Yfiler Plus kit. Data analysis yielded haplotype and allele frequencies, and forensic parameters. Genetic distances were graphically represented by a multidimensional scaling plot, with genetic linkages further elucidated through Nei’s distance dendrograms and Median-joining networks. A total of 102 haplotypes were detected, of which 96 were unique. The haplotype diversity and discrimination capacity were 0.997 and 0.91, respectively. Central Kazakhstan displays a unique cluster in analyses, underscoring its distinct Y-chromosome diversity compared to other Kazakh regions. The analysis of the Naiman tribe, predominantly residing in Central, Southern and Eastern Kazakhstan, revealed three genetic clusters of distinct haplogroups associated with their clans. The identified haplotypes will enhance the existing reference database for Y-chromosomal studies in Kazakhstan, offering a robust tool for future research in population genetics, forensic science and genetic genealogy.

来自哈萨克斯坦北部、南部、东部与西部的Y染色体短串联重复序列（Y-STR）单倍型，经针对27个Y-STR基因座的分析后，已提交至Y染色体STR单倍型参考数据库（Y-Chromosome STR Haplotype Reference Database）；而哈萨克斯坦中部地区的遗传图谱仍未得到充分探索。为探究哈萨克斯坦中部哈萨克人群体27个Y-STR基因座的遗传多样性，本研究共纳入112名无亲缘关系的哈萨克斯坦中部男性个体，采用Yfiler Plus试剂盒完成基因分型。数据分析得到了单倍型频率与等位基因频率，以及法医学相关参数。遗传距离通过多维尺度分析（multidimensional scaling）图谱进行可视化展示，并通过Nei氏距离系统发育树与中介连接网络（Median-joining networks）进一步阐明遗传关联。本研究共检出102个单倍型，其中96个为独有单倍型；单倍型多样性与识别能力分别为0.997和0.91。哈萨克斯坦中部群体在分析中呈现出独特的聚类结果，表明其Y染色体遗传多样性与哈萨克斯坦其他地区存在显著差异。针对主要分布于哈萨克斯坦中部、南部及东部的乃蛮部落（Naiman tribe）的分析显示，该部落存在三个与各自氏族相关的不同单倍群遗传聚类。本研究获得的单倍型数据将完善哈萨克斯坦现有Y染色体研究参考数据库，为后续群体遗传学、法医学及遗传谱系学相关研究提供可靠的研究工具。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含哈萨克斯坦中部哈萨克人群的27个Y-STR位点遗传多态性数据，揭示了该地区独特的Y染色体多样性，为人口遗传学、法医学和遗传谱系研究提供了重要参考。