Cell-Type-Specific Bidirectional Modulation of the Cortico–Thalamo–Cortical Sensory Pathway by Transcranial Focused Ultrasound (tFUS)

In this dataset, we recorded neuronal activities from cortical-thalamocortical (CTC) pathway, including the somatosensory cortex (S1) and posterior medial thalamic nucleus (POm). Neuronal responses and vibration-tactile stimulation evoked potentials (TEPs) were recorded during transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) delivered to S1 using a 128-element ultrasound transducer under various stimulation parameters, including different pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs), pulse durations (PDs), and pressure levels, with or without concurrent tactile stimulation of the hindpaw. Optogenetic tagging was used to identify CaMKII-positive excitatory pyramidal neurons, as well as PV-positive and SST-positive inhibitory interneurons by viral injection into S1. Optogenetic stimulation of S1 was alternated with ultrasound stimulation to classify neuronal subtypes while assessing their responses to tactile stimulation and tFUS parameters. In the POm, waveform features were used to classify putative excitatory neurons (i.e., regular-spiking units, RSUs) and inhibitory neurons (i.e., fast-spiking units, FSUs). Electrophysiological recordings were obtained using a 64-channel NeuroNexus optrode implanted in S1 and a 32-channel NeuroNexus silicon electrode implanted in the POm. Detailed description of this dataset can be found in the following publication. Please cite the paper if you would use a portion of the dataset. Gao H, Ramachandran S, Lee K, Frake A, Torregrossa MM & He B. "Cell-Type-Specific Bidirectional Modulation of the Cortico–Thalamo–Cortical Sensory Pathway by Transcranial Focused Ultrasound (tFUS)", in Brain Stimulation, 103151, 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2026.103151