Dataset related to the article "Exploring Immune-Related Protein Signatures in Serum of Patients with Severe Calcific Aortic Stenosis: Insights from a Targeted Proteomic Approach"

This record contains raw data related to the article "Exploring Immune-Related Protein Signatures in Serum of Patients with Severe Calcific Aortic Stenosis: Insights from a Targeted Proteomic Approach".

AbstractCalcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a prevalent and progressive condition with no effective pharmacological treatments available. It leads to poor prognosis once symptomatic, with high mortality rates in untreated individuals. The disease's progression is driven by a combination of mechanical stress, lipid infiltration, and immune responses, which involve both innate and adaptive immune systems. Immune cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and promote the activation of valvular interstitial cells, contributing to valve fibrosis, calcification, and stenosis. To explore the role of immune-related proteins in CAVD, a study analysed plasma samples from patients with severe calcific aortic stenosis and healthy controls, using a targeted proteomic approach based on the Proximity Extension Assay technique. Ten plasma proteins were identified as significantly different in expression between CAVD patients and controls. These proteins were downregulated in CAVD patients, indicating disrupted biological processes such as redox homeostasis, immune response, and cell motility. A protein-protein interaction network revealed connections between these proteins, with notable clusters associated with immune regulation and redox homeostasis. Further analysis identified two distinct patient subgroups, suggesting heterogeneity in CAVD, which could help with patient stratification. The study also showed that the identified proteins could serve as potential biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of disease progression. The study's findings emphasize the role of immune-driven mechanisms in CAVD and highlight the potential of these biomarkers for better disease management and risk stratification, although further validation in larger cohorts is needed.