Data for: The Sela macaque (Macaca selai) is a distinct phylogenetic species that evolved from the Arunachal macaque following allopatric speciation

Arunachal macaque (Macaca munzala) is an endangered and recently discovered cercopithecine primate from Western Arunachal Pradesh, India. On genetic analyses of Arunachal macaques, we observed spatially distributed substantial inter-species genetic divergence. The results suggested that the Arunachal macaque evolved into two phylogenetic species about 1.96 mya following allopatric speciation using the Sela mountain pass in Arunachal Pradesh, India. We describe - the Sela macaque (M. selai) as a new macaque species that interestingly exhibited high intra-specific genetic variation and also harbors at least two conservation units. Further, we report the past demographic trajectories and quantify the genetic variation required for taxonomic clarification. The present study also identifies gap areas for undertaking surveys to document the relic and unknown transboundary populations of macaques through multinational, multi-lateral cross-border collaboration., Study area and sample collection
We carried out opportunistic field surveys in the Tawang and West Kameng districts of Arunachal Pradesh from 2018 to 2020 and collected 65 faecal samples of Arunachal macaque with due permission obtained from the forest department.
DNA extraction and PCR amplification
We extracted genomic DNA using the QIAamp Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Germany) following the manufacturer’s instructions. For species identification, we sequenced partial fragments of mitochondrial d-loop and cytochrome b gene following Li and Zhang (2005 and 2004). We put independent PCRs in a 10 μl reaction that comprised 20-30 ng of template DNA, 0.5U Taq polymerase, 1X PCR buffer, 2.5mM MgCl2, 1mM dNTPs mix, 0.1 µM of each primer, 0.1 µg/µL BSA on Veriti thermal cycler (Applied Biosystems, USA). Thermal cycling conditions were: initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94°C for 30 s, 50°C for 45 s and 72°C for 1 min. The final extension was at 72°C for 10 min..., , # Data for: The Sela macaque (*Macaca selai*) is a distinct phylogenetic species that evolved from the Arunachal macaque following allopatric speciation

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.fbg79cntk](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.fbg79cntk)

Allelic data of microsatellites and aligned sequences of d-loop as well as concatenated sequences of d-loop and cytochrome b.

## Description of the data and file structure

The Excel file contains information for 6 microsatellites.

The combined tree and Macaca d-loop phylogeny fasta files are included.

## Sharing/Access information

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## Code/Software

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