Ecology and environment predict spatially stratified risk of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b in wild birds across Europe

The data in this repository were used to conduct the analysis outlined in the following bioRxiv preprint: Sarah Hayes, Joe Hilton, Joaquin Mould-Quevedo, Christl Donnelly, Matthew Baylis, Liam Brierley (2025) "Ecology and environment predict spatially stratified risk of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b in wild birds across Europe" bioRxiv doi:10.1101/2024.07.17.603912 The codes used for the analyses are available at https://github.com/sarahhayes/avian_flu_sdm/ The following lookup table can be used to cross-reference between the variable descriptions in Tables 1 and 2 of the preprint and the files in this repository: Variable description Filename Minimum elevation (metres above sea level) elevation_min_10kres.tif Maximum elevation (metres above sea level) elevation_max_10kres.tif Difference between minimum and maximum elevation elevation_diff_10kres.tif Modal elevation (metres above sea level) elevation_mode_10kres.tif Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ndvi_*_quart_2022_eco_rasts.tif Land cover landcover_output_full_2022_10kres.tif Distance to coast dist_to_coast_10kres.csv Distance to inland water dist_to_water_output_10kres.csv Relative humidity mean_relative_humidity_q*_10kres_eco_quarts.tif Seasonal weighted mean of the month-wise difference in the minimum temperature and maximum temperature (degrees Celsius) mean_diff_*_quart_eco_rasts.tif Seasonal weighted mean of monthly mean temperatures (degrees Celsius) (Mean monthly temperature for each month calculated using: Mean temperature = Minimum temperature + diurnal range/2) mean_mean_*_quart_eco_rasts.tif Seasonal temperature variation (degrees Celsius)(Difference between the maximum and minimum ofmean monthly temperature values across monthsmajority-represented within the season) variation_in_quarterly_mean_temp_q*_eco_rasts.tif Precipitation mean_prec_*_quart_eco_rasts.tif Seasonal mean of daily zero-degree isotherm (metresabove sea level) isotherm_mean_q*_eco_rasts.tif Number of days the zerodegree isotherm was below 1 metre at midday at Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) isotherm_midday_days_below1_q*_eco_quarts.tif Chicken density chicken_density_2010_10kres.tif Duck density duck_density_2010_10kres.tif Anatinae (dabbling ducks) anatinae_rast_eco_bds.tif Anserinae (swans and geese) anserinae_rast_eco_bds.tif Ardeidae (herons) ardeidae_rast_eco_bds.tif Arenaria/Calidris (turnstones and sandpipers) arenaria_calidris_rast_eco_bds.tif Aythyini (diving ducks) aythyini_rast_eco_bds.tif Laridae (gulls) laridae_rast_eco_bds.tif Percentage time spent feeding within 2m of water surface around_surf_rast_eco_bds.tif Percentage time spent feeding >2m below water surface below_surf_rast_eco_bds.tif Percentage diet plants plant_rast_eco_bds.tif Percentage diet scavenging scav_rast_eco_bds.tif Percentage diet endothermic vertebrates vend_rast_eco_bds.tif Congregative cong_rast_eco_bds.tif Migratory migr_rast_eco_bds.tif Below threshold phylogenetic distance to known host species host_dist_rast_eco_bds.tif Species richness species_richness_rast_eco_bds.tif