Post-cranial remains of Rhinocerotidae from the Neogene of central Myanmar: morphological descriptions and comparisons with ratios

New post-cranial remains from the early Late Miocene have been discovered in the lowermost part of the Irrawaddy Formation, Tebingan area, central Myanmar. Three genera and one indeterminate taxon were identified: <i>Rhinoceros</i> sp. <i>Rhinoceros</i> cf. <i>R. sondaicus</i>, <i>Dicerorhinus</i> sp., <i>Brachypotherium perimense</i>, and Rhinocerotidae indet. The evolutionary history of the Rhinocerotidae is still poorly known in Southeast Asia. Few <i>Rhinoceros</i> species, <i>Rhinoceros</i> sp. ‘<i>B</i>’. <i>fatehjangense</i>, and <i>B. perimense</i>, has already been identified in the Tebingan area by dental remains. The present discovery of the post-cranial remains of <i>Rhinoceros</i> cf. <i>R. sondaicus</i> and <i>Dicerorhinus</i> sp. that complements previous studies based on dental remains. The early Late Miocene Tebingan record is the oldest fossil record of <i>Dicerorhinus</i> in Southeast Asia, indicating a continental origin of the genus. Furthermore, the possible presence of <i>R. sondaicus</i> in the Tebingan area suggests that it may have appeared in Southeast Asia as early as the early Late Miocene.